VOLTAGE REFERENCES generate wideband noise spectrums. For most semiconductor devices, this spectrum usually has a wideband “white noise” component with relatively constant power density versus ...

What could be more basic than a voltage reference—a simple, constant reference voltage? As with all design topics, there are tradeoffs. This article discusses the different types of voltage references ...

Designers charged with creating precision analog front ends and signal chains know that the performance of the voltage reference—whether a discrete standalone device or one that’s embedded in a ...

CMOS voltage reference circuits are integral to modern electronic systems, providing a stable and reproducible voltage that underpins the performance of myriad integrated devices. These circuits ...

Many embedded systems require a stable, low-noise DC reference. This reference can be a stable current or voltage source. These references are used in many ways. Some typical uses are listed as ...

Linear voltage regulators are key components in any power-management system that requires a stable and ripple-free power supply. A subset of linear voltage regulators is a class of circuits known as ...