To measure a zener diode’s breakdown voltage, you need a dc voltage source whose voltage exceeds that of the zener voltage. In Figure 1, resistor R SER provides voltage drop between V IN and V ZEN. In ...

An international team has cracked a challenge that could herald a new era of ultra-high-density computing. For years engineers and scientists around the world have been trying to make smaller and ...

This lab seeks to illustrate the fundamental operation of uncontrolled rectifier circuits. The waveforms associated with these circuits are visualized using simulation and experimentation. The circuit ...

Electrical components, like motors close motorA device which spins when current flows through it. Motors are used in fans, food processors and many other devices. and lamps close lampA component which ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Measuring the signals from extremely high-impedance sensors is a difficult task. Such sensors can have output ...

Perhaps, that’s the single most popular use for an NPN transistor – driving coils, like relays or solenoids. We are quite used to driving relays with BJTs, typically an NPN – but it doesn’t have to be ...