The versatile phase-locked loop (PLL) allows multiplication of a reference frequency with an operating frequency that ranges from “DC to daylight.” A PLL is overkill for some applications, however, ...

In a proof-of-concept study, researchers have created self-assembled, protein-based circuits that can perform simple logic functions. The work demonstrates that it is possible to create stable digital ...

The work builds into cells the same logic gates found in electronic computers and creates a method to create circuits by “rewiring” communications between cells. This system can be harnessed to turn ...

A reconfigurable chip developed by ChaoLogix in Gainesville, FL, makes it possible to morph a circuit from one type into another in an instant. Having the ability to effectively redesign chips an ...

Living cells make decisions based on information processing genetic programmes. Many of these programmes execute digital functions 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. The capability to build synthetic digital systems in ...

Access more than 20 years of online content Manage which e-mail newsletters you want to receive Read about the big breakthroughs and innovations across 13 scientific topics Explore the key issues and ...

Cells of all organisms process numerous signals originating from the internal biological processes or from the environment to produce the appropriate cellular response. Designed gene regulatory ...