Aphasia occurs when a brain disorder affects a person’s language abilities, such as speaking, reading, and writing. The type of aphasia a person has depends on where damage occurs in the brain.

Misunderstandings and lack of information about aphasia can cause people to draw conclusions about cognitive ability, such as in the situation with Joe Biden, who has a history of stuttering.

Expressive aphasia can happen after brain damage and may affect your ability to speak or write. A few signs include using short phrases and substituting words with similar sounds or meanings.

Researchers from the HSE Centre for Language and Brain and their Russian and American colleagues have become the first to compare expressive and receptive language abilities of Russian children with ...