The film discusses the evolution of chemistry from alchemy, highlighting key figures like Joseph Priestley and Antoine Lavoisier. It explains significant experiments that led to the discovery of ...

Oxygen began entering Earth's oceans around 2.32 billion years ago, and shallow seas followed within a few million years.

Far below the reach of sunlight, at roughly 4,000 m deep on the Pacific seafloor, researchers have stumbled on a form of ...

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis is a pivotal method for evaluating water quality by quantifying the oxygen required to oxidise organic matter. Traditionally, methods have relied on hazardous ...

Scientists have directly imaged atomic oxygen in water using a femtosecond laser, revealing unexpected stability and movement ...

Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a crucial metric for assessing the organic pollution load in water, reflecting the amount of oxygen required to oxidise organic compounds. Ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) ...